The victim died of a heart attack during the quake in a hospital where she was under treatment.
The shaking also sent residents of the town of Simav, epicenter of the quake, fleeing their homes in panic.
The town's mayor, Riza Ozdemir, said that furniture fell over in some houses, and cracks appeared in the walls of some buildings as the temblor struck.
Many people remained outdoors for several hours, fearing more quakes.
The Istanbul-based Kandilli Observatory said the quake occurred at 7:28 a.m. local time at a depth of 6 miles (10 km) beneath Simav.
Turkey is regularly hit by tremors and earthquakes due to its location on the North Anatolian fault. Two devastating quakes in 1999 killed 18,000 people in the northwest of the country.